azure-policy-definition-write-neutralize

Overwrite a custom policy definition to change its effect from Deny (or Audit) to Disabled or Audit, neutralizing a guardrail that applies wherever that definition is assigned - potentially subscription-wide or org-wide. This is a stealthy defense-evasion primitive that modifies the definition rather than creating a visible exemption.

derived azure emits CanModifyPolicy

match (effective permission)

{ "action": "Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write", "scope_type": "subscription|managementGroup" }

where

principal effectively holds Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write at the scope at least one active assignment references this custom definition (the modification has effect)

emit

source typeIdentity
target typeConfigurationService
source<principal>
target<custom policy definition (ConfigurationService)>
permissionsMicrosoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write
state logicACTIVE when the principal holds policyDefinitions/write at the scope AND the definition is a custom definition (not a built-in — built-in definitions at /providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/* cannot be overwritten). CONDITIONAL(service_state) if no assignment currently references the definition (the modification has no effect on active enforcement). BLOCKED if a deny assignment covers policyDefinitions/write. Management-group scope definitions affect all subscriptions in the hierarchy; verify scope accordingly.

Narrative

{principal.name} can overwrite the custom policy definition {target.name} (Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write), changing its effect from Deny to Audit or Disabled. This silences compliance findings and removes the preventive guardrail at all scopes where the definition is assigned - a stealthy alternative to creating a visible exemption record.

Raw rule rules/derived/azure/policy.yaml

id: azure-policy-definition-write-neutralize
emits: CanModifyPolicy
description: "Overwrite a custom policy definition to change its effect from Deny (or Audit) to Disabled\
  \ or Audit, neutralizing a guardrail that applies wherever that definition is assigned \u2014 potentially\
  \ subscription-wide or org-wide. This is a stealthy defense-evasion primitive that modifies the definition\
  \ rather than creating a visible exemption."
match_effective_permission:
  action: Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write
  scope_type: subscription|managementGroup
where:
- principal effectively holds Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write at the scope
- at least one active assignment references this custom definition (the modification has effect)
emit:
  source_type: Identity
  target_type: ConfigurationService
  source: <principal>
  target: <custom policy definition (ConfigurationService)>
  permissions:
  - Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write
  conditions: []
  state_logic: "ACTIVE when the principal holds policyDefinitions/write at the scope AND the definition\
    \ is a custom definition (not a built-in \u2014 built-in definitions at /providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/*\
    \ cannot be overwritten). CONDITIONAL(service_state) if no assignment currently references the definition\
    \ (the modification has no effect on active enforcement). BLOCKED if a deny assignment covers policyDefinitions/write.\
    \ Management-group scope definitions affect all subscriptions in the hierarchy; verify scope accordingly."
  confidence: 0.88
  derived_from:
  - 'effective permission: Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write'
  false_positive_note: "Only custom policy definitions at subscription or management-group scope can be\
    \ overwritten via policyDefinitions/write. BUILT-IN definitions (/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/*\
    \ path) cannot be modified by any caller regardless of RBAC \u2014 do NOT emit for built-in definitions.\
    \ Definition modification has effect only if the definition is currently assigned; an unassigned custom\
    \ definition is a preparatory step (POTENTIAL or CONDITIONAL). This is a DEFENSE EVASION primitive:\
    \ changing Deny to Disabled removes a preventive guardrail without creating a visible exemption record.\
    \ Do NOT chain directly to CanEscalateTo \u2014 the path is: neutralize guardrail -> previously-BLOCKED\
    \ action becomes unblocked -> attacker uses that action separately. This is a background condition\
    \ change, not a direct escalation edge."
  narrative: "{principal.name} can overwrite the custom policy definition {target.name} (Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions/write),\
    \ changing its effect from Deny to Audit or Disabled. This silences compliance findings and removes\
    \ the preventive guardrail at all scopes where the definition is assigned \u2014 a stealthy alternative\
    \ to creating a visible exemption record."
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